EURO-ECO 2011 Hanover 21 - 22 November 2011	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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The problem of natural environment contamination is extremely actual for the whole mankind. That’s why the enterprises of gas, petrochemical and metallurgical industries pay great attention to the measures on protection of environment from contamination.

The enlarged ecological standards make high demands on efficiency of the plants on oil, gas and metal processing assigned for extraction and purification of sulfuric compounds.

The key role in this problem solving belongs to the process of obtaining elementary sulfur out of hydrogen sulfide by Claus method, which is the most perspective in technological, ecological and economic aspects process of obtaining sulfur out of sour gases while purification the natural and incidental gases, as well as the gases of petrochemical and metallurgical industries.

Today Claus process on the one hand solves the problem of utilization of hydrogen sulfide and gives an opportunity to obtain a valuable product – gas sulfur, on the other hand – while getting the gas sulfur the pollution of atmosphere with harmful yield of the waste gases takes place as well as with hydrogen sulfide. The highest contest at the world market moves on another important problem – the rise of its quality.

Thus, technical-economical indices of the processes of sulfur production, their ecological characteristics as well as the quality of sulfur don’t satisfy the modern demands of sulfur market. Inspite of the fact, that industrial beginning of Claus process started in the 60-es of the last century, a lot of questions of this process remained unsolved, the main scientific elaborations are held in the field of the rising the depth of extraction the sulfur out of gas and the quality of ware sulfur, the fall of harmful yield into environment. Therefore, mastering Claus process in these directions is an actual direction in the gas, oil-processing and metallurgical industries.

We have made the systematic investigations and search of effective catalysts on the base of the natural zeolites, promoted by some transitive elements (Co, Ni, Fe, Cr) for obtaining sulfur on catalytic stages of Claus process (at 250-400°C). On the base of obtained experimental data we have chosen the cheapest and easiest iron clinoptilolite catalyst, its catalytic activity has been studied all around.

There were found out optimum technological parameters of the process: temperature 250-400°C, volume rate of gas mixture 500-1000h^-1, correlation of initial reagents CO+H₂+H₂S+COS/ SO₂=1,8-2,4 at the ?rst stage; H₂S/SO₂=2,0-2,2 at the second stage. The general yield of sulfur made up – 93-95%.

There was investigated the influence of different components of the reactionary mixture (oxygen, vapour) on the process of rehabilitation of sulfur dioxide by hydrogen sulfide. It was shown, that in conditions of the contact processing in oxygen medium (3; 6 vol.%) the duration of catalyst activation rises till 90 minutes. Existence of the oxygen till 3-6% in the system with preliminary activated catalyst leads to the fall of sulfur yield by 9-10%.

The presence of vapour in the composition of initial gas mixture up to 12 vol.% influences the rate of the process, which diminishes the yield of sulfur and rises the quantity of hydrogen sulfide in the products of reaction (at 400°C).

 

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