EURO-ECO 2011 Hanover 21 - 22 November 2011	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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The Nurek water reservoir was built on the Vakhsh River in beginning of 1970-th XX century. It has highest dam through world more 300 m. The reservoir square is 98 km², lenth 70 km, width maximum 1.0 km, volume 10.5 km³, average depth 107 m; project fluctuation of water level in the reservoir is 53 m.

By increasing anthropogenic pressure due to the massive influx of population in this area during the Civil War 1992-1996, the active natural hazards in the vicinity of the Nurek reservoir rise every year more and more. As a result of unauthorized occupation and development of new land (not just the plain areas, but the steep slopes), the mass felling of trees in forests, depletion of grass cover due to intensive livestock grazing in mountain ecosystems, construction of new irrigation canals and roads the ecological disturbance area increased. Erosion processes and associated collapse-landslides and mudflow phenomena particularly active. This also contributed to the tectonic fragmentation of rocks, seismic activity area, the presence of a thick cover of loess-like loams, much dissected topography, and the presence of salt horizons in the geological section in conjunction with the practice of unregulated irrigation. All events marked with sharply reduced soil fertility and biological productivity of natural land; it reduced the area of irrigated lands, forests and pastures; it has led to the creation of conditions for the degradation of soil and vegetation, reducing the natural resources of the earth.

To solve the above-mentioned environmental problems in the area of Nurek reservoir is necessary, first of all, make a database of potentially dangerous objects and areas that pose a threat to the population, as well as to develop a targeted program to prevent and reduce the risk of emergencies and prediction of their consequences, the organization of the monitoring system for geo-ecological processes, etc. It should also carry out a complex anti-erosion and mad flow preventing measures, where the main point for mountain areas should be water-resistant and fast-growing tree planting in hazardous areas as well as the prohibition of grain crops on slopes over 10 degrees.

Subsequently, this area can serve as a reference object for the development of scientific principles and methods of long-term monitoring of natural hazards in the area of large water-reservoirs with high dam.