EURO-ECO 2011 Hanover 21 - 22 November 2011	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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Recently in a society comprehension of vital importance and a sharpness of environmental problems which actually accompany all natural-anthropogenous processes at last began to become stronger. In offered work possible kinds of the ecological risks connected with seismicity of territories, their potential danger and prevention possibility are considered.

All natural processes share on endogenous, caused internal forces of the Earth, and exogenous, connected with external factors. The brightest display of tectonic motions is the seismic activity shown in the form of earthquakes of various activity.

Seismic danger is treated by experts, as probability of display of seismic influences of certain intensity on the set area during the set interval of time. Seismic processes are characterized by various capacity, and, hence, and different activity of their displays that is expressed in points of seismic intensity, in the amplitudes of fluctuations of a ground used at designing of buildings and constructions.

Seismicity of territory is defined by intensity of course endogenous processes which, in turn, make active also set dangerous exogenous processes (geological, hydrological, geomorphological etc.). In this connection there are various kinds of the potential dangers, different object of defeat and characterized by various intensity and display degree.

Seismic activity concerns a category of natural risks which depending on its intensity provoke technogenic, natural and ecological dangers. At display of seismic activity all anthropogenous both natural objects and territories are exposed to influence. Character of display can be to straight lines (direct destruction of object of seismic influence) and indirect or mediated (occurrence of emergencies and activization dangerous activation of dangerous exogenous processes provoked by seismic activity and destruction of objects of seismic influence).

At seismic influence there is a weight of ecological consequences of various intensity, level of the changed or changeable geoecosystems and their ecological condition. Thus potential ecological danger is caused as at seismic influence on natural geoecosystems, and at infringement of technogenic geosystems.

The probability and scales of the ecological risks arising at activization of seismic activity, sharply increase depending on objects of display of influence of seismic activity. So, the most scale and heavy ecological consequences are marked at seismic influence on industrial targets and territories.

Ecological risks are classified on scale (global, regional, local) and display degrees (the insignificant and raised ecological danger, extremely dangerous, ecological disaster), to object of influence (separate components of environment, ecosystem and ecosystem elements as a whole etc.), durations of a brave situation, influence kinds on the nature and the person, degrees of an admissibility and forecasting, prevention possibility.

Ecological risks can be shown in various forms, on all taxonomic levels of geoecosystems and mention any components of environment. One of forms of display of ecological risk is loss or change of separate properties and qualities of components and-or objects of the nature. Thus depending on character and intensity of changes of a consequence can be from insignificant to catastrophic.

Potential ecological danger is formed as a result of infringement of the natural and technical geosystems leading to sharp deterioration of a condition of inhabitancy of live organisms and, in particular, of the person. From these positions display of ecological consequences of seismic activity is shown as follows:

1. at catastrophic and strong seismic influences sharp deterioration of an ecological condition of territories that does them for some time unsuitable for representatives biota as a result is noticed:
   • Changes of habitats of live organisms because of geomorphological changes of territories (landslips, collapses, tectonic procorfs, etc.);
   • Losses of a fertile layer of soils;
   • Washout and flooding of territories;
   • Smoke blanketing and pollution of atmospheric air,
   • Deterioration of chemical and bacteriological quality of superficial and underground waters, and also their mechanical pollution;
   • Increase of a radiating background of sites of territory owing to deep breaks of earth crust etc.;
   • Infringements of integrity and a condition of a soil cover;
   • Mass destruction of representatives etc.;
2. at insignificant damages of natural and technogenic systems there can be the situations connected with formation of adverse ecological conditions, leading to deterioration of conditions for ability to live of live organisms as a result:
   • Occurrence of local failures (floods of oil products, leak of chemical substances of radiological and toxic action, etc.);
   • Occurrence of emergency situations (natural fires, landfall and landslide processes, etc.);
3. deterioration of ecological conditions as a result of activization of seismic activity can create situations at which buildings in the absence of destructions and constructions, they become unsuitable for use as a result of increase in level of radiation and concentration of toxic substances in all components of environment.

Owing to an occurrence high probability at seismic activity of heavy ecological consequences for life and health of people authors offer to enter concept «ecological-seismic safaty». Ecological-seismic safaty – a direction in the seismology, allowing to estimate ecological consequences of seismic activity of territories and to develop recommendations about decrease in ecological risks and damages.

The direction ecological-seismic safaty is included by drawing up of the forecast of possibility of occurrence of ecological consequences of technogenic and natural genesis, definition of their character and an orientation and working out of recommendations about decrease in ecological risks in seismodangerous regions at design stages, building and operation of objects.

Apparently from definition, ecological-seismic safaty consists of several large-size blocks of researches, namely:

1. An estimation of ecological vulnerability of seismodangerous territories.
2. An estimation of potential ecological danger at a seismic estimation industrial, agricultural, resedential, transport and natural objects and territories.
3. Drawing up of look-ahead scenarios of development of a situation at various intensity of seismic influence and probability of ecological risks.
4. Working out of recommendations and actions for decrease in ecological risks in seismodangerous regions.
5. Calculation of ecological damages as a result of negative influence on components of environment of the factors caused by seismic influence on natural and technogenic geosystems.
6. Working out of criteria and a choice of objects for carrying out of monitoring of an estimation monitoring of territories with a focus on ecological-seismic safety territories.
7. Working out of a complex of the is standard-methodical documents, allowing to receive the adequate information on all seismodangerous regions and to spend division into districts by uniform criteria of an estimation ecological-seismic safety.