EURO-ECO 2011 Hanover 21 - 22 November 2011	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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The change of climate is a problem not only for today, but perhaps more largely a problem of the future. Compared to other environmental hazards this type of “environmental burden of disease” is much more difficult to monitor and evaluate. Climate change has caused approximately 150 000 deaths and a loss of approximately 5.5 million life years, disability-adjusted (index DALY-Disability Adjusted Life Years) in the world, in this case took into account only the effect of acute intestinal diseases (dysentery and other diarrhea) malaria, as well as deaths and injuries as a result of flooding. In 2000, the share of climate change accounted for approximately 2.4% of cases of acute intestinal diseases worldwide and 6% in some middle-income countries. According to internationally based data on disasters and catastrophes OFDA/SRED, from 1975 to 2000 during periods of extreme heat killed approximately 2,000 people. Prolonged heat in the summer of 2003 in Europe has caused deaths in many countries. During this time, according to WHO, the number of excess deaths had reached 14 thousand in France, 4 thousand in Italy, 6 thousand in Spain, more than a thousand in Portugal. Suffered from the heat and residents of Germany and the UK, but quantitative estimates have not yet been published. Now consider the global warming, along with such well-known risk factors for health such as smoking, drinking, overweight, low physical activity, etc.

In order to develop the state programs for the prevention of the adverse effects of climate change on the health of population of the Republic of Kazakhstan and adaptation requires the combined efforts of doctors, ecologists, climatologists, meteorologists, hydrologists and experts in modeling and forecasting. In this study, the priorities are as follows:

• The development of National Plan of measures to reduce the negative impacts of climate change on public health in Kazakhstan.
• The assessing of the impact of climate warming on the ecology of infectious and parasitic diseases that pose the greatest threat to the health of the population of Kazakhstan, their vectors and reservoir hosts based on a special monitoring carried out at points of constant observation.
• Organization of special studies on the effects of climate changes on epidemic process and to identify features of infectious and parasitic diseases (malaria, encephalitis, ixode borreliosis, rickettsial, hemorrhagic fevers, parasites and other infectious diseases).
• The assessing of the impact of climate change on air quality and drinking water in regions of Kazakhstan.
• The assessment of the impact of high air temperatures on human health, the flow-tion of diseases, the study of pathogenetic mechanisms of development of pathological conditions and their treatment.
• The assessing of the impact of high temperatures on the health of the population, the frequency of uptake of ambulance services, the frequency of hospitalization for the disease, the causes of deaths from coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetis, respiratory diseases, accidents, suicides and murders.
• The assessment of the impact of launch vehicles launch from the cosmodrome “Baikonur” on climate change and health along the route of flight
• The assessing of the impact of changes in tropospheric ozone on human health.
• Improving of education and training specialists, systems epidemiological surveillance, training of medical personnel.
• Development of new methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of most weight-cial conditions in the changing climatic conditions. Assessment of the economic consequences of climate change impacts on the health of the population of Kazakhstan in the whole country, in the most troubled regions and risk groups (age, social, professional and other).
• The assessment of the impact of climate warming on the maintenance of air-pollution substances, especially in cities located in unfavorable environmental conditions (ex, Karaganda, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Shymkent, etc.,) and having the largest sources of pollution.
• The evaluation of tropospheric ozone in urban areas with significant sources of pollution, and located in the south.
• Participation of Kazakhstan scientists in projects on evaluation of negative impact of climate change on human health, carried out by WHO, the World Bank, the UNO Environment Program.

The meeting of these challenges will promote the active involvement of science in preserving the health and quality of life of citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

In the first report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (1991) on threats to health mentioned only in passing, but in the Third Report of 2001 [2] and in the fourth to be prepared at the present time, health issues are considered along with other key topics. In October 2003 in Moscow at the World Conference on Climate Change, representatives of WHO presented the main results of an international project to study the effect of warming on human health. On behalf of WHO Dr A. Haynes said: “We must recognize the higher priority issues in health policy debates on climate change”.

In Kazakhstan, the data of climate change and its effects on health are not available. There are only a few data on warming and flooding in Almaty, East Kazakhstan oblasts in 2010, which determines the need for research in this direction. The data of KAZHYDROMET about temperature change and other parameters, as well as study and analysis of morbidity regions of Kazakhstan will allow the timely development and implementation of preventive measures.

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