EURO-ECO 2010 Hanover 2 - 3 Dezember 2010	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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The Republic of Tajikistan is a highland where about 93 % of its territory is occupied by mountains. Here large ranges, such as Pamir and Tien Shan are located. On Pamir, the highest mountain knot of the Central Asia, mountain chains of Karakorum, Kunlun and Hindu Kush converge.

In Tajikistan it is revealed and reconnoitered more than 500 mineral deposits from which more than 100 are mastered by the industry. In this small country functioned and a considerable quantity of the mountain-concentrating enterprises functions. Their uncontrolled activity has led to negative consequences, and has broken an ecological condition of environment and a natural landscape of district.

Especially visually it is possible to show it on an example of Karamazar, one of the most developed mining regions of Tajikistan located in the north of the country.

In Karamazar the large quantity of the thrown mountain developments (ditches, tranches, opencast mines, mines, tunnel, lamellar, etc.) with their sailings, and also “tails” of ore dressing industrial complexes, factories and factories now is observed. If to it to add numerous ancient mountain developments and a waste of mountain crafts of our ancestors which throughout many centuries extracted silver in Karamazar, gold, copper, lead, iron, arsenic, etc. metals the ecological disaster is available. Only around unique many metals deposits of Big Kanimansur the total amount of the ore which have been taken out by ancient miners, is measured about 1200 thousand cubic meter.

Infringement of a landscape of district in Karamazar Mountains has led to cataclysms, first of all, to erosion of soils. Erosion strengthening, in turn, promoted occurrence of other spontaneous natural processes - landslide, to collapses, earth flows, district desertification, increase of the periods of a drought, degradation of pastures, deforestation. Last as a dominating process of degradation of an ecosystem, have led to decreased flow rate water sources or causes drying.

If all noted natural phenomena break basically district landscape territories where uranium ores were extracted, besides, represent considerable danger to health of the people living there. Sailings of uranium mines and tunnels, and also industrial wastes from processing of this metal which was extracted in Karamazar mining area since 50th years of last century and where hardly any protective actions have been provided. On a day surface, at times in immediate proximity from settlements, the waste of uranium ores, in tens times exceeding admissible doses of radiation. In dangerous affinity from some of them gardens were set up, economic constructions or even premises are erected.

These are problems connected with investigation and mining operations in Tajikistan for future environmental monitoring and sustainable development of the country.