EURO-ECO 2010 Hanover 2 - 3 Dezember 2010	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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Abstracts EURO-ECO 2010

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The common method of waste oil industry is at their disposal to landfills, which negatively impacts on the environment. Effective method of waste disposal will reduce the technological impact on the environment, as well as involve them in the production cycle as secondary material resources.

Methods of disposal of waste using the technology of living systems are promising from an environmental and economic point of view. It is known that effective destructor of fats are lipolytic enzymes. We used the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica from the collection of industrial microbial cultures State research Institute of Genetics and Selection of Industrial Microorganisms (Moscow), synthesizing highly active lipase. We have established the possibility of replacing expensive olive oil in a nutrient medium for refining waste vegetable oils and fats, thus reducing costs for the biosynthesis of lipase by approximately 20-25%.

The acetone precipitated enzyme lipase G10h were used for enzymatic hydrolysis of hydrogenation of vegetable oils waste in the inverse emulsion. The maximum degree of degradation triacylglycerides was observed at pH 6,5, the water content in the reaction medium to 0.20 ml per gramm of fat, the temperature of 34-35 °C and an enzyme dosage of 10 units per g of fat. It was established that an additional payment of calcium oxide in an amount of 0.1 g per g of fat increases the yield of fatty acids in the process of hydrolysis to 25-30%.

Studying the dynamics of enzymatic hydrolysis of fat contained in the waste showed that the yield of fatty acids reached a maximum after 48 h. Then the reaction mixture were formed only carboxylates of calcium while reducing the concentration of free fatty acids. Analysis of the hydrolysates by TLC showed that the concentration triacylglycerides reaches a minimum value of 72 hours of hydrolysis, the concentration of by-products - and mono- and diacylglycerides remained virtually unchanged throughout the hydrolysis process.

The resulting mixtures containing product triacylglycerides (7-10%), monoacylglycerides (56%) and diacylglycerides (4-6%), fatty acids (8-12%) and their calcium salts (22-25%), and mineral components (the rest) was tested in the production of rubber. Introduction of an experienced product in rubber mixtures based on rubbers for general and special-purpose improved the range of technological, vulcanization characteristics of rubber compounds and the physical and mechanical properties of vulcanizates.

So, recycling of waste oil and fat industry by enzymatic hydrolysis triacylglycerides would, firstly, reduce the technological impact on the environment, and secondly, to involve the oily waste in the production cycle as a processing aid for rubber compounds, while improving production efficiency.