EURO-ECO 2010 Hanover 2 - 3 Dezember 2010	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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The use of local water purification systems will allow preventing the ingress of radionuclides into human organism through water in case of nuclear accidents and on territories with water contaminated by natural radionuclides. Filters for decontamination of drinking water are to extract the wide range of natural and artificial radionuclides from large water volumes.

The using of thin-layer inorganic sorbents (T-LIS) based on granulated natual carriers open up new possibilities of increasing of resource of infividual filters (IF), improvement of their hydrodynamic and sorption features.

Such T-LIS as mixed iron – potassium ferrocyanide (IPF), nickel – potassium ferrocyanide (NPF) and also iron phosphate (IP) were developed by Radiochemistry and Applied Ecology chair of UrFU. The granulated glauconite from Karinskoe deposite in Chelyabisk region was chosen as the carrier. The hygiene and sanitary conformance for this meterial is executed. The art of manufacture of the granulated glauconite is patented in Russian Federation (# 2348453). The possibility of using of this T-LIS for decontamination of drinking water from caesium and strontium radionuclides is established.

The sorption of caesium under static conditions was studied. The dependence of caesium removal degree on duration of contact of phases, concentration of sorbate and pH of model solution was researched. The tap water with pH = 7.3, concentration of stable caesium 0.1 mg/L and trasser Cs-137 was used as the model solution. After mathematical treatment of obtained data features of sorbents were determined. Equilibrium distribution coefficient of caesium (K_d) is (1.8±1.1)•10⁴ mL/g for IPF, (2.3±1.1)•10⁴ mL/g for NPF; that is by order of magnitude greater than K_d for carrier (granulated glauconite). Static exchange capacity (SEC) after exposure during one week is >24.5 mg/g for IPF and >95.5 mg/g for NPF. Removal degree of caesium reachs its peak value (90 – 95%) in the range of pH 4÷9 that is usual for natural waters.

Sorption features of obtained sorbent IF-Gl-Gr with respect to strontium radionuclides were also studied. “lgC_t – lgC_p” adsorption isotherms for strontium in drinking water over the range of strontium concentration 10^-3 – 10³ mg/L were obtained. The isotherm is linear within the range of confidence interval until the start concentration of strontium in solution is 100 mg/L. Static exchange capacity is 15.0 mg/g; distribution coefficient of strontum in Henry region is (3,2÷6,0) • 10³ mL/g. The sorbent IF-Gl-Gr realizes peak value of removal degree of strontium (90 – 95%) over the range of pH 4÷9.

Thus, researched thin-layer inorganic sorbents have high specificity with respect to caesium and strontium radionuclides and increased exchange capacity. It makes their application promising for rehabilitation of natural water bodies and low-level radioactive sewage waters treatment. Also additional researches are planned for capability check of using of sorbents as the main part of individual filters.