EURO-ECO 2010 Hanover 2 - 3 Dezember 2010	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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Hydrobiological methods of surface waters quality control let give general integral assessment of water bodies conditions and estimate response of biota to man’s impact. Principal hydrobiological indicators of mainland water bodies conditions are the following ecological groups of water organisms: phytoplankton, zooplankton, zoobenthos.

Research objective: to give general characteristics to river Ishim biocenose on the basis of integral index of environmental conditions (IIEC).

Threshold impact value was estimated by traditional mathematical statistics methods [Sanotskiy, Ulanova, 1975; Kagan, 1978]: parameters of response indicators distribution measured at different levels of impact were confronted (including those measured at control objects with zero xenobiotic factors).

Using rivers classification of International Organization for Standardization by method of G.S. Fomin, we have defined four surface waters quality evaluations in points from 1 to 4: ecological welfare – 4 (natural conditions of biological community), relative ecological welfare – 3 (area of tension still biological community is not damaged), ecological crisis – 2 (moderately damaged biological community), ecological disaster – 1 (heavily damaged biological community, extreme response to man’s polluting impact).

As principal hydrochemical indicators of Ishim conditions evaluation we have chosen, first of all, toxic, priority pollutants, including those tending to accumulate themselves in organs and tissues of hydrocoles.

Hydrobiological indices are as follows: basin saprobity index; daily bacteria production; bacterial plankton quantity; bacterial plankton biomass; saprophytic bacteria quantity; average seasonal phytoplankton biomass; average zooplankton quantity; average zooplankton biomass; average zoobenthos quantity, average zoobenthose biomass.

Each index has been given priority grade – numeric value corresponding to importance of this factor.

IIEC takes into account principal components of freshwater ecosystem quality (chemical and biological ones) expressed in relative units (points) and is calculated as follows:

IIEC = (ΣB + ΣH_i) / (N_b + N_h),

where B_i – biological indices used; H_i – hydrochemical indices used; N_h and N_b – quantity of each grade indices included in calculation.

We have based our point system for hydrochemical indices on scientific work of O.P. Oksiyuk with co-authors [1993].

Pollution level of Ishim surface waters was estimated with IIEC as 2,7 which means that the river is close to ecological crisis i.e. river ecological community has been moderately damaged with economic activity. On the other hand, the river conditions border on the area of tension within which biological community tends either to raise or to bring down its activity. In general, this criterion refers not to the whole plankton community but to certain species, according to their susceptibility to different chemical agents.