EURO-ECO 2010 Hanover 2 - 3 Dezember 2010	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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Production of mineral recourses leads to a damage of the soil and vegetable cover of natural ecosystems (NE) and of natural-technical geosystems (NTG).

The imminent threat of the global ecological crisis in the XXI century conditioned the necessity of making analysis and discussion about the role and importance of the ecological basic components which form the biosphere (soil, vegetation, fauna, microorganisms etc.) in the present and future of humankind.

The most important components of biosphere are soil and its fertility, because more than 98% of all food, including 87% of protein food, people receives by means of agricultural soil usage.

Considering the role and importance of the condition of natural ecosystems in XXI century, it is necessary to remember that the total area of fertile soil on the Earth numbers only 12%, and other ecosystems require the heavy expenses for melioration.

During the history of civilization, man has already spoilt two milliard hectares of fertile soil. Annually the world agriculture loses 15 million hectares of fertile soil, half of this loss caused by construction, transport and other needs, and half is a result of degradation and desertification.

Lands for crops per capita are decreasing and according to the scientific prediction in 2050 croplands are going to amount 0.07 hectare per head, thus people may come to the shortage of agricultural land.

The scientists of the West Kazakhstan State University carry out regular ecological monitoring of topsoil vegetation, and fauna of the territory of the West Kazakhstan Oblast (1957–2009).

Long-term monitoring permitted to compile ecological and geological map of West Kazakhstan Oblast on a scale of 1:300000. In this altered version, we marked modifications of ecological condition of soil and vegetative cover. In order to assess the conditions of natural and disturbed ecosystems we divided the area into transects – zones with the different degree of anthropogenic influence on the environment:

transect I – background;

transect II – zones of weak anthropogenic influence;

transect III – zones of average anthropogenic influence;

transect IV – zones of strong anthropogenic influence;

transect V – zones of very strong anthropogenic influence with devastated soil and vegetative cover.

There was investigated the productive-destructive process, i.e. the inventory of geophilous phytomass (G), underground phytomass – alive roots (R), dynamics of leavings (L) – dead cast plant organs, not fallen dead plants (D), and quantity of dead underground phytogenous vestiges (V).

All this data gives an opportunity to observe the increase of biomass for a certain period (month, season, and year) and quantity of mort mass subjected to mineralization and humification.

In areas of the strong anthropogenic factor (Karachaganak Oil Gas Condensate Field), this calculation follows out monthly. The interpretation of the state of vegetation, the chemical analysis of soil and vegetative samples inform about the ecological condition of topsoil, vegetation and fauna of each contour selected on the ecological and geobotanical map of KOGCF on a scale of 1:25000 S=104000 hectares. According to the basic indicators of ecological condition, we developed the legend with the detailed cadastral characteristic of each contour (216 soil and vegetative contours).

By the results of the carried out researches the scientists of WKSU have drawn up the revegetation project considering anthropogenic influence, natural conditions, and the use of a fertile stratum (FS).

At the present stage, it is necessary to create a new approach to improve the condition of natural ecosystems and natural-technical geosystems based on preservation of ecological balance, self-restoration character of basic functional processes for each landscape.

Conclusions

1. The environmental influence assessment of the contours selected on the geobotanical map of Karachaganak Oil Gas Condensate Field and boarding territory was made by drawing up of ecological scales according to geobotanical, soil and anthropogenic indicators.
2. According to results of the environmental influence assessment the major part of the industrial area of Karachaganak Oil Gas Condensate Field and boarding territory is in risk condition – 61,9%, in critical condition – 18,7%, in disastrous condition – 9,8%, in catastrophic condition – 4,7% and in normal condition – 4,9%.
3. The technical plan of revegetation was developed.