EURO-ECO 2010 Hanover 2 - 3 Dezember 2010	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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Abstracts EURO-ECO 2010

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Environmental conditions make a great influence on public health. Every human and citizen has a right to know about the ecological situation in the area, where he lives, and in the whole country.

Ecological situation in Russia remains serious, it causes public health quality lowering. The atmosphere sample results from Moscow, Lipetsk, Tver, Kalinnigrad and other regions are five times greater than the maximum permissible concentration of air pollutants. Chemical and petrochemical industries, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, power industry, building materials industry still remain main sources for pollution. Air pollution irrupted because of car exhaust fumes, which make up 70 per cent of the total exhaust gases (in Moscow and other large cities of Russia – over 70 per cent). At the same time no cardinal solution was made on the issue of the exhausts reduction.

About 70 per cent of harmful atmosphere emissions are captured and neutralized every year in our country. Over 70 million people breathe the air full of harmful substances. The human introduced into the natural environment about four million chemical compounds. Only some of them are examined for toxic influence.

There are about thirty thousand works and facilities in Russia using radioactive materials and production on their basis. Nuclear tests did Russian ecosystem a lot of harm.

Bad ecological situation causes heritable diseases. So, according to the World Health Organization, heavy metals rank second for their danger behind pesticides and they are far ahead of such well-known polluters as carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide (according to the forecast, they may become most dangerous – even more dangerous than nuclear power plant wastes). Heavy metal salt poisoning begins before the birth of people, babies are born with malformations of the urogenital system. It is quite common when a child has 4 – 6 systemic disorders. Lead level rise results in mental impairment (12 per cent of Russian children are under the impact of this factor).

The problem of potable water remains pressing. 99 per cent of Russian cities, 83 per cent of urban communities and 22 per cent of rural communities have centralized water supply systems. En masse it is 90 per cent of the whole population of the country. There is stable shortage of potable water in the number of regions (Orenburg, Rostov, Yaroslavl and other regions). 20 per cent of all (centralized) potable water supply sources don’t meet sanitary standards. As a rule, ground waters have high hardness and salinity levels.

Working conditions remain unfavorable practically in all branches of economy. It is connected with the weakening of working people’s social protection and with employers’ neglect of their responsibility for labor protection and better working conditions. More than 5 million people (1.5 million of them are women) have outdated workplaces. Unsatisfactory working conditions always cause high level of industrial diseases. Better working conditions for pregnant women still remain a pressing problem.

Epidemiologic situation is also difficult. From 33 to 44 million infectious morbid events are registered in Russia every year. The rise in tuberculosis morbidity began after 1997, its annual increase is about 10-15 per cent. About 100 hundred alimentary and water-borne enteric infective episodes are registered every year. HIV morbidity has dramatically increased since 1997.

Numerous mobile and stationary noises cause problems for many population aggregates.

Thus, the public health assessment indicates problems, which may cause public health deterioration. It is also clear that the pending problems can’t be solved only by department efforts. That is why in recent years the attention is concentrated on the National Project “Health”. According to the Chamber of Accounts, Russia will reach appropriate indicators of the Eastern European countries by 2015. A half of total national projects funds is appropriated for these purposes. The program level of costs is maintained despite the world financial crisis. It makes possible to strengthen the material and technical basis of medioprophilactic institutions and complete medical training system. The program will make it possible to increase the efficiency of the health care system.

 

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