EURO-ECO 2010 Hanover 2 - 3 Dezember 2010	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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Sulfur dioxide is the most common pollutant, which emitted into atmosphere as a result of human technological activity. Sulfur dioxide, which is released into air through high smoke pipe with flue gases, quickly deposits on earth, mainly like “acid rain”. The rate of deposition of sulfur dioxide makes 0.001-0.02 m/s, which is faster than, for example, deposition of nitrogen oxide and even small parts (aerosols). In atmosphere sulfur dioxide is harmful for human beings, vegetable and animal world, it causes the corrosion of metals and concretes. On the surface of the earth sulfur dioxide leads to decrease of soil fertility, destroys forests, flora and fauna of reservoirs. According to evaluation of American specialists in 2000 general damage, which is done to economics of the planet by wastes of sulfur dioxide, comes to 9,5 billion dollar a year.

For a long time a scientific-research work on recycling of sulfur end gases of metallurgical production with obtaining elementary sulfur has been carried out in the Institute of Chemical Problems of Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences.

The scientific grounds for processing technology of high concentrated sulfur gases by catalytic and thermal reduction, using methane and converted gas, were developed on the basis of theoretical generalization and experimental researches.

By thermodynamic analysis we determined limits of optimum (under conditions of balance) composition of initial gas phase, temperature regimes and flow rate of reducing agent, at which it is possible to achieve maximum yield of sulfur.

Catalysts, which provide high reduction of sulfur dioxide, have been searched. Among them cobalt and nickel catalysts were more effective in ratio of reduction reaction of sulfur dioxide by converted gas, nickel catalysts and industrial alumonickel catalyst GIAP-3 for reduction by methane, as well as catalyst, prepared on basis of residues of sulfur-sulfide flotation (wastes of Norilsk GMK enterprise) for Klaus process. The influence of reactionary medium components (oxygen, water vapor and so on) on activity and selectivity of catalysts for reduction of sulfur dioxide by methane, converted gas and hydrogen sulfide was researched in detail.

The status of activating agent was studied by physical-chemical analyses (X-ray diffraction, thermograph, IR-spectroscopy). It was established, that during reduction by methane in catalysts, nickel acts as sulfide, but cobalt- as mixture of sulfide, sulfate and oxide during the reduction by converted gas.

 

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