EURO-ECO 2009 Hanover 3 - 4 Dezember 2009	Environmental, Engineering - Economic and Legal Aspects for Sustainable Living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover University of Bremen, Bremen

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N.A. Gnezdilova

At present a great deal of attention is being given to the development of measures designed to improve technological processes, to reduce the consumption of raw materials per unit of finished products, to process raw materials on a complex basis according to resources saving technology and reclaim secondary resources on a large scale.

Food technologies, the manufacture of coffee products in particular, involve production cycles that consume materials most, therefore complex processing of raw materials, the extraction of valuable components to the full, rational use of waste products are most important reserves for an increase in the quantity produced and a rise in the efficiency of production.

Nowadays one of the waste products of the modern technology for the production of instant coffee is a coffee bean covering. It coats raw coffee beans supplied for processing. During the process of roasting coffee beans are separated from their coverings. The existent technology requires that the covering be washed off into the waste-water disposal system. The coffee bean covering is removed from the process of manufacturing coffee on account of the accepted consideration that the covering cannot be used in the production of instant coffee due to its low extractive characteristics. Another reason for the non-use is the conventional absence of interest in the component. It is known, however, from the history of the origin of a coffee beverage that it used to be prepared from a mixture of the seed pulp and the covering. Thus there was prompted the use of the covering in the manufacture of instant coffee, which is to be seen as one of the reserves of raising the efficiency when processing expensive vegetable raw material.

The development of the problem by the authors made it possible to propose a method of joint extraction of valuable components from crushed coffee beans and coverings in the apparatus of continuous operation, with the modernized three-stage process of obtaining coffee extract being applied. The product of joint use of vegetable raw materials, i.e. the coffee extract obtained by the proposed method, has undergone the qualitative analysis at the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Fertilizers and Science of Soil Improvement of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The results of the analysis by spectral fluorescence and plasma emitting methods show that the content of heavy and harmful metal substances in the extract samples tested is within the specified intervals.

The technology of a three-stage method developed to obtain coffee extract and reclaim the coffee bean covering is applicable for the production of extracts from different mixtures of crushed vegetable materials, with corresponding calculations and changes.