EURO-ECO 2006 Hanover 1 - 2 December 2006	Environmental and Engineering Aspects for sustainable living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow

Home

Abstracts EURO-ECO 2006

Contact

Disclaimer

Zh.T. Fedina.

According to Federal Law Nr 131-FZ (Federal Law) «On general principles of local government in the Russian Federation» dated 06.10.2003 local administration authorities arrange collection, removal, utilization and processing of wastes and take measures on environmental protection at the territories of municipal formations. Local administration authorities also determine the procedure of collection of wastes (Federal law Nr 89-?? (Federal Law) «On production wastes and consumption residues» dated 24.06.1998). According to classifier of services to be rendered to the population OK 002-92, approved by resolution of the State Standard of the RF Nr. 163 dated 28.06.1993, collection, removal and burial of SDW are related to housing and communal services. Norms of use of the said services according to Housing Code of the Russian Federation are approved by local administration authorities and in case of SDW - norms of their accumulations are defined for this purpose.

Norms of accumulation of wastes represent the number of wastes being formed per designed unit (1 person, 1 place, 1 sq. meter of trade area, etc., Sanitary norms and regulations 2.07.01-89 «Town-planning. Planning and building up of urban and rural settlements», Federal classification catalogue of wastes, approved by the Order of Ministry of natural resources of Russia Nr. 786 dated 02.12.2002).

Approved norms of SDW accumulations shall be applied in determining costs of collection and removal of SDW, formation and improvement of SDW treatment system, and those shall be set on a basis of results of technological expertise or norm-setting documents (GOST P 51617-2000 «Housing and communal services», resolution of State Standard of Russia Nr 158-??. dated 19.06.2000).

Determination of norms of SDW accumulations shall be made in line with Recommendations on determination of norms of accumulations of solid domestic wastes for the cities of the RSFSR, approved by the Ministry of housing and communal economy of the RSFSR dated 09.03.1982. As long as these recommendations have the common nature, the objective appraisal of SDW requires consideration of the effect of environmental conditions, changes of social and economic situation and other local features of specific territories. The application of norms of SDW accumulations per 1 person per year of the Enclosure 11 «Norms of accumulations of domestic wastes» Sanitary norms and regulations 2.07.01–89. «Town-planning. Planning and building up of urban and rural settlements» and approximate norms of SDW accumulations provided in reference book «Sanitary purification and cleaning of populated areas» edited by A.N. Mirniy of 1990 is possible only for approximate evaluations and calculations, since the values of the said norms according to the cities differ significantly, depending on their specific features.

Taking into consideration all above mentioned, and considering environmental, geographical, economic and other features of average towns of European North of Russia, the concept of determination of actual norms of SDW accumulations was elaborated and tested by an example of Archangelsk city. This concept consists of organizational (choice of areas and objects of research, control objects and routes, preparation of equipment and materials, setting terms of carrying out of in-situ measurements), measuring (measuring of the scopes, determining of weight, density and components of SDW), and calculation (calculation of norms of SDW accumulations, documentation of the results) parts, analysis of the results and elaboration of recommendations.

Now the experience of determining norms of SDW accumulations is used in Archangelsk city, other towns and settlements of Archangelsk region. Besides, owing to the fact that greater part of population of Archangelsk resides in the housing fund with no sewerage system, the works on determining of main actual indices of liquid domestic wastes (LDW) are carried out, namely the study and inventory of the objects of LDW accumulations (refuse pits, cesspits, «blind» septic tanks), in-situ measurements of LDW accumulation, determination of norms of accumulations and other indices of LDW. The said works are necessary for creating an optimal system of control of LDW treatment in the city.