Shadrunova I.V.

Only iron and steel industry of Russia annually form more than 95 million tons of slags, including about 79 million tons of domain, steel-smelting, foundry and ferroalloy slags. Incalculable refuse dumps of slag create the sharp environmental problems connected to the disposal of ground taps, dust content, processes of natural lixiviation. Complex development of slags will provide not only extraction of valuable components, but also preservation of ecological systems.

The industry saves up the practical experience of recycling slags. Slags are complex alloys of the components which are in a condition of ionic dissociation. Complexity of deep processing the slags is connected to the underestimation of the prominent features of their physicomechanical properties, mineral structure and complexity of the structure, caused by different from natural nonequilibrium specific conditions. As a result there is microheterogeneity in slag melts and their stratification on not mixing up phases.

The basic expenses at processing technogenic raw material have energetic character and their are directed on the destruction of intermolecular connections for separating the particles of a useful component from minerals of dead rock. At processing slags other principle of decomposition is required.

Processing of firm slags is realized, as a rule, in a cold condition extremely by the methods of mechanical influence including stage-by-stage crushing of slag on devices, working on principles of compression and shift (alligator and rotating crushers). However it doesn’t provide complete extraction of metals from slags because of insufficient disclosing joints of mineral phases, overgrinding, complication of the smallest droplets of metal or regulus in slag structure.

The intensification of decomposition, in our opinion, can be provided by using the devices working on a principle of free kick. At such influence on a material, its destruction occurs on microcracks, sides of cohesion, i.e. selective destruction of the components takes place, possessing various resistance to impact.

Decomposition on the basis of free kick on a piece of material or metal is realized in centrifugal-shock crushers and mills SPA « Ural Center ». The share of the joints sharply lowering the efficiency of enrichment is minimal.

The efficient application is proved by morphometrical measurements with the help of system analysis of images "SIAMS-600" and physicomechanical tests of slags and their components (impact strength, microhardness). Experience of introduction the devices of centrifugal-shock crushing for processing slags of domain, martin and conventoring manufactures of Open Society MMC, slags of draft copper swimming trunks of Joint-Stock Company "Karabashmed" and aluminium containing slags of Joint-Stock Company « Samara factory of aluminium alloys » has allowed to confirm the efficiency of application of these devices for selective decomposition of metallurgical slags and an opportunity of using the slags as a resource of black and nonferrous metallurgy.