EURO-ECO 2007 Hanover 4 - 5 December 2007	Environmental and Engineering Aspects for sustainable living
	European Academy of Natural Sciences, Hanover European Scientific Society, Hanover Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow

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The natural soil system, which, prior to human intervention, had existed as a self-regulated, self-recovering system with a high adaptive capacity relative to the varying conditions of the environment and it had provided the preserved integrity of the biosphere with the biodiversity inherent in it, as a system of higher order.

As far as the area occupied with damaged soil-vegetation cover (mining induced landscapes, urban infrastructure etc.) expands, the ability of such territories for natural recovery decreases practically down to zero, since due to the loss of the soil-vegetation cover the soil humus gets destroyed, water-physical properties of the substratum deteriorate, water and wind erosion develops etc. through the loss of the soil-vegetation cover, as a result the nearest territories (water reservoirs, soil and atmospheric air) are polluted. However, the most important thing is the controlling system is destroyed, which is responsible for the state of the biogeocenosis, - the alive complex of microbe-vegetative communities, defining the main property of the soil system - the bioproductivity.

The modern world has become aware of the exclusive importance of soil resources for life sustenance of the civilization, while the urgency of their reproduction in the view of today’s knowledge about the role of the soil coating of the Earth in the maintenance of a stable state of the biosphere is beyond any doubt.

A concept of rehabilitation of the soil-vegetation cover of damaged land areas has been developed at the Mining institute of the Kola Science Centre of Russian Academy of Sciences. It consists in providing an accelerated implementation evolutionary formed programme of soil generation on mineral substrata. The most promising direction is to develop solutions, which contribute to regeneration capabilities of natural environment based on the study of natural recovery potential of each specific system. Based on the studied factors, limiting the natural recovery processes of soil systems, there has been developed a bioproduction process optimization algorithm at the rehabilitation of damaged land areas, which provides the suppression of erosion processes, improvement of the hydrothermal regime as well as physical-mechanical properties of the substratum, increase of the biochemical activity of the substratum, reduction of the mining induced load and the obligatory passing of the phytomeliorative stage. There are quite many solutions for each position of the algorithm of the production process optimization at present.

The maximum range of tasks on optimization of the bioproduction process at the rehabilitation of damaged land areas is solved using the technology, developed at the Mining Institute, consisting in establishing soil-vegetation cover on mineral substrata under a polymer covering without applying of the fertile layer.

There has been developed informational support of the founded choice of technologies of damaged land rehabilitation with an example of the Kola mining-industrial complex. Within the framework “Ecochoice” information system there have been created:

• the electronic map of the Kola Peninsula, which is a combination of geographical, thematical and multiple layers, including information on geotechnical entities;
• a database of the condition of damaged land areas;
• a database of technologies of rehabilitation of damaged land areas within the framework of the designated methodology, implemented with concrete entities;
• a database of the monitoring of land areas under rehabilitation;
• a base of knowledge concerning the choice of technologies of damaged land areas rehabilitation.

The choice of the optimum technology of damaged land rehabilitation of the entity of interest is carried out on the basis of the content analysis of the two first databases within their range of intersection by factors, which limit processes of natural recovery of damaged land areas and is the function of its knowledge base.