On the way of its independence Ukraine joined the process of state regulation of preservation of the environment, rational use of natural resources and maintenance of ecological safety. Preservation of the environment became one of the main priorities of the young state, as conservation of biological and landscape variety is the basis on which people can use some natural resources to develop the society.

Nowadays environmental protection is one of the leading issues for the world community. Pollution has become the sufficient threat in most developed countries. At the same time even developing world does realize that contamination and resource exhaustion are serious obstacles on the way to economic development and lead to poverty expansion.

Countries of the world adopted the sustainable development concept enabling to make better quality of life and decrease an intensity of resource using. This concept has been worked out for more effective use of three important parts in every man’s life and life of society – economic, social and ecological.

The way of nature use that has been practiced in the Ukraine evokes from one hand the different ecological problems, and from the other hand it is closely connected with serious economic problems of the country. The system regulating nature use does not meet the demands of transition to sustainable development.

Ecological problems typical for all industrially developed regions of the Ukraine caused by an extensive character of economical development of the country during many decades and domination in people’s economic activity the concept of “free of charge natural resources”.

Use of economic criteria in ecology is to be directed to realization of the main principle – not to maximize incomes of enterprises or the state, but to reach sustainable development by the way of well-balanced use of natural resources for increase in material production in any region to guarantee a stability of ecological systems.

Conception of reforming and development of forestry in the economic direction is aimed first of all at effective use of forest resources in the market conditions, improvement of the finance-economic mechanism and ensuring self-repayment and profitability of forest management in the regions rich of forests.

Resource potential of the Ukraine nature includes the land fund with area of 60,4 mln hectares from which 41,8 mln ha are agricultural arable lands, more than 60 thousand rivers, near 8 thousand layers of useful minerals that are of industrial importance etc.

Decisions concerning profitable development of energetic, extractive, timber and agricultural sectors in the Ukraine’s economy are often made in favor of ecology-damaging but income-raising decisions, that is wrong and underestimates the significance of natural resources.

In accordance with the Kyoto Protocoll all developed countries with transitional economy have assumed obligations to reduce emission of the atmosphere gases that create the greenhouse effect – carbon dioxide, methane and others.

Under such circumstances the Ukraine may turn into one of the biggest quota sellers for emissions in the world because today their amount has increased by 70 % from the 1990 level. That means that in future to economic value of e.g. national parks or forests, may be added absolutely real market price of binded carbon together with the price for timber products, fishery and hunting products by products of forest etc.

So that the most important task in regulating nature use is to stimulate development of the traditional way in nature use, people’s trades and small business based on the use of different forest resources, including picking up and state purchases of herbs, berries, mushrooms and so on. It is necessary to have an informational support from the state and municipal organizations for that purpose, which includes cadastres of natural resources, data banks of state purchase and processing technologies and possible markets of sale.